Background: The association between congenital thrombophilia and pregnancy loss has been debated in several studies with conflicting results.

Aims: To evaluate the prevalence of both non-O blood group type and inherited thrombophilia (e.g antithrombin, protein S and C deficiencies, factor V Leiden and prothrombin variant) in a group of healthy women with a personal history of miscarriage.

Methods: A group of 156 women with a personal history of abortion were enrolled among non-related caregivers of patients hospitalized in our Medical Department between June and December 2019. Seven hundred twelve healthy women without a personal history of miscarriage were recruited among blood donors as controls. Age below 18 yrs, personal history of venous and/or arterial thrombosis or acquired thrombophilia were exclusion criteria. The Odds Ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to estimate the risk of pregnancy loss.

Results: The combination of non-O group and thrombophilia was present in 25 (16%) cases and 51 (7.2%) controls (OR 3.27; CI 1.85 to 5.76); women with both O blood group and thrombophilia were 10 (6.4%) among cases in comparison to 34 (4.8%) controls (OR 1.96; CI 0.91 to 4.22). Finally, non-O group without thrombophilia was present in 73 (46.8%) cases and 307 (43.1%) controls (OR 1.59; CI 1.07 to 2.36).

Conclusions: Our results underline a significant higher prevalence in women with abortion of either non-O blood type or thrombophilia. The combination of both (e.g. non-O blood type and thrombophilia) further increases this risk. Larger studies are warranted to confirm our results and to clarify the clinical implications of our findings.

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ISTH Congress Abstracts - https://abstracts.isth.org/abstract/abo-blood-groups-and-inherited-thrombophilia-in-women-with-abortion/