Background: The thrombotic and thromboembolic events may complicate the evolution of oncological diseases, increase the rates of morbidity and mortality, being considered as an actual issues of oncology and public health.

Aims: The aim of the study was to evaluate the evolution patterns and the results of treatment of thrombotic and thromboembolic complications in patients with non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL) and breast cancer (BC).

Methods: We performed an analytical and prospective study of 2 patients with NHL and 1 patient with BC, who were treated at the Institute of Oncology from Moldova between 2019–2021. All patients were females of 38, 45 and 46 years old, with comorbidities: Obesity. Hyperglycemia. Internal hemorrhoids. The diagnosis was proved by the standard histopathological, immunohistochemical examinations and staging procedures, including computed tomography.

Results: The patient with stage T2N1M0 BC and ECOG-WHO performance status (PS) 3 was treated with corticosteroids for immune thrombocytopenia and developed left-sided pulmonary thromboembolism (Figure 1, 2). She failed to respond to the antiplatelet and anticoagulant therapy. The patient with the relapse of stage IVB marginal zone B-cell NHL in the ilioinguinal lymph nodes, shin soft tissues and ECOG-WHO PS 3 received CHOP regimen and obtained the unstable partial response. She developed the thrombophlebitis of the left shin and was managed with antiplatelet and anticoagulant therapy. The patient with stage IIA diffuse large B-cell NHL and ECOG-WHO PS 2 was treated with 3 cycles of R-CHOP chemotherapy, followed by the radiotherapy (RT) on the residual ilioinguinal lymphadenopathy, with complete response. The RT was temporarily stopped due to the acute femoral bilateral grade II phlebothrombosis, which regressed under the antiplatelet and anticoagulant therapy.

Conclusion(s): The progression of NHL and BC may be associated with thrombotic complications, especially if associated with metabolic and vessels disorders. The monitored prophylactic oral antiplatelet and anticoagulant therapy should be administered during the remission induction.

Image 1

Figure 1. Onset of the left-sided pulmonary thromboembolism.

Image 2

Figure 2. Left-sided pulmonary thromboembolism.

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